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Headings:
CND Sites
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National CND - news and views from the National Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament.
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Scottish CND - including pages on Trident, Faslane, Dounreay, Scottish Parliament and lots more
Other Peace Sites
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Not War.Net - Peace Group link exchange
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The Nuclear Disarmament Party of Australia
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Nuclear Convoys - Top secret military convoys carrying nuclear warheads travel regularly up and down the country - between the bomb factory at
Burghfield in Berkshire and Trident nuclear bases in Scotland and RAF bases in East Anglia. No radiation warning symbols are carried and neither the public nor local authorities are warned
of their movements.
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Menwith Hill - The Menwith Hill spy base, near Harrogate in North Yorkshire, is run by the US National Security Agency (NSA). The NSA was set up by
Presidential decree in 1952 without any debate in the US Congress.
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Fylingdales - probably the most significant strategic installation in Yorkshire and of direct relevance to plans for the United States’ Ballistic
Missile Defence (BMD) and Strategic Defence Initiative (SDI - "Star Wars") systems.
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Campaign for the Accountability of American Bases by Anni and Lindis - Up to date information on the protest at Menwith Hill and other US bases in
Yorkshire and the UK.
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Trident Plougshares 2000 - A group of UK activists who will initiate peaceful disarmament until 1/1/2000 or until the
government commits itself to immediately disarming Trident.
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Campaign Against the Arms Trade
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NGO Committee on Disarmament - the homepage for the NGO Committee on Disarmament, the principal service organization for
Non-Governmental Organizations (research institutes, activist/advocacy groups, volunteer organizations, professional associations) involved with disarmament in the United Nations context.
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Abolition 2000 - set up in April 1995, during the first weeks of the Non-Proliferation Treaty Review and Extension
Conference, activists from around the world recognized that the issue of nuclear abolition was not on the agenda. Activists met together to write the Abolition 2000 Statement that has become
the founding document of the Abolition 2000 Network. Over 1,000 organizations in 76 countries have now signed it and are actively working in ten working groups to accomplish eleven points
listed in it.
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Project Ploughshares Home Page .
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Peace Movement Aotearoa - the national networking organisation for those concerned about peace and related issues in Aotearoa/New
Zealand.
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Faslane Peace Camp - started in 1982 with the arrival of a group of anti - nuclear protesters who pitched camp on a small strip of land
opposite Faslane's Gareloch in Dunbartonshire Scotland. This was the site chosen by the UK government for it's recently commissioned Polaris nuclear defence system. Now the base houses the
UK Trident nuclear fleet. The peace camp is in danger of being removed.
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World Court Project - Peace through law: a new path towards nuclear disarmament.
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Centre for Defence Information Home Page.
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Nuclear Free Local Authorities - the NFLA began in Manchester with a declaration of the City Council on 5 November 1980 to work to
eliminate the threat of nuclear weapons. The City declared itself a 'Nuclear Free Zone' and called on other local governments in the North West of England to do the same.
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Peace Through Reason website - Convert the War Machines!
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British American Security Information Council - BASIC - includes a wealth of information on issues such as: Nuclear and WMD;
Trans-Atlantic Security; Weapons Trade; Missile Defence.
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MoJo (Mother Jones) Website on US Arms Sales Around the World
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The Nuclear Atlas - the US anti-nuclear group the Atomic Mirror site for quick retrieval of information pertaining to a/o
world-wide military and commercial nuclear facilities.
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The Critical Military Technologies List - a major set of publications from the Department of Defense that are downloadable using Adobe
Acrobat. Part 2, Section 5 has a major area on nuclear weapons technology.
Other relevant Yorkshire Campaign Sites
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Menwith Hill
Campaigning
About the NSA & Echelon
Espionage/secrecy
- "NSA Lawsuit - Stop Illegal Surveillance", from the American Liberties Union -
http://www.aclu.org/safefree/nsaspying/
- "NSA Spying on Americans is illegal", December 2005 from the American Liberties Union -
http://www.aclu.org/privacy/spying/23279res20051229.html
- Report on International Status of Privacy: "Privacy and Human Rights 2004". Electronic Privacy Information Center, Washington, DC, USA. Privacy International London, UK -
www.privacyinternational.org/survey/.
- "Cryptography and Liberty 1999: An international Survey of Encryption Policy". Electronic Privacy Information Center Washington, DC -
http://www2.epic.org/reports/crypto1999.html.
- "They spy on ordinary people" - interview with Duncan Campbell on 21st December 1999 -
www.gn.apc.org/cndyorks/yspace/articles/echelon3.htm.
- "Desperately seeking signals" by Jeffrey Richelson, from The Bulletin of Atomic Scientists - April 2000. -
www.bullatomsci.org/issues/2000/ma00/ma00richelson.html.
- "US Steps Up Commercial Spying - Washington gives companies an advantage in information" by Robert Windrem, investigative producer for NBC News 7th May 2000 -
http://msnbc.com/news/403435.asp?cp1=1.
- "The new Cold War: How America spies on us for its oldest friend - the Dollar" by Duncan Campbell and Paul Lashmar, from The Independent on Sunday 2nd July 2000,
Exclusive: Documents shed light on US policy of covert surveillance of British and European industry -
www.gn.apc.org/cndyorks/yspace/articles/echelon12.htm.
- Foundation for Information Policy Research, FIPR,
www.fipr.org.
"Son of Star Wars" Role
UK & European Parliaments
By-Laws Judgments
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Fylingdales Related Web Sites
- About the base
Protestors' view of the base - items on police, cameras, fences and views of the track
Research Study Group Fylingdales entry
Logica evaluates system for UK Government - 4 February 1992. Logica was awarded a contract for the security
evaluation of the UK BMEWS.
The US Nuclear Weapons Cost Study Project - list of US bases (inc. Fylingdales).
Latest news on Missile Defence issues and the UK
- ABM Treaty
The ABM Treaty .
The ABM Treaty from the Federation of American Scientists
Arms Control Discourse by Jerry Everard, Chapter 4 Discusses Fylingdales and Krasnoyarsk radar in terms of the ABM.
ABM Treaty "Talking Points" on NMD and the ABM Treaty fom the Bulletin of Atomic Scientists.
ABM Treaty Chronology .
- Operation
Federation of American Scientists - Space Policy Project.
Space & Information Operations Directorate - How space surveillance provides information on what is orbiting
Earth, sends messages to tactical commanders to warn them when they can be observed.
Space Surveillance Network - USSPACECOM is primarily interested in the active satellites, but also tracks
space debris. The SSN tracks space objects which are 10 centimeters in diameter (baseball size) or larger.
Space Surveillance Network User Support Data - Identifies the Space Surveillance Network (SSN) resources,
organizational responsibilities, and SSN data products. Tells how to request SSN data and establishes a method of data distribution.
United States Strategic Command Home Page.
Peterson Air Force Base Home Page.
The US 21st Space Wing Home Page.
The US 12th Space Warning System Fact sheet
The US 13th Space Warning System Fact sheet
NORAD Home Page.
Cheyenne Mountain underground combat operations center.
Strategic Air Command Home Page.
- Early Warning
BMEWS - National Security Space Road Map - from the Federation of American Scientists.
The Early Warning Connection - Early Warning and the Cold War.
- "Incidents"
BMEWS at Thule detected rising moon as incoming missiles - 5 Oct 1960, from Risks Digest.
U.S. Fears Satellites Damaged - from Risks Digest.
Early Warning Vulnerability (Was Re: US Fears Satellites Damaged) - 7 Feb 1988, from Risks Digest.
Risks Digest - "... The motivation behind a big military electronic system such as SAGE or BMEWS is not to
have it work. It is just to create the illusion that the sponsor is doing his job ..."
Twenty mishaps that might have started Accidental
Nuclear War - by Dr. Alan Phillips FRCPC. 24 Nov.61: BMEWS communication failure. On the night of 24 November, 1961, all communication links went dead between SAC HQ and NORAD, and so
cut SAC HQ off from the three BMEWS sites.
- Other BMEWS and associated systems
510 full days at Thule BMEWS.
Statement of Objectives for the Clear Radar Upgrade - 28 March 1997.
US Air Force Space Command - its heritage.
The North Atlantic Radio System (NARS) - 1961-1992.
The DEWLine Chronicles - A History by Lynden T. (Bucky) Harris.
- Other Articles Related to Fylingdales
Space Surveillance
Space Surveillance - by Dr. T.S. Kelso
Space Policy e-Prints - Archive of materials from the Federation of American Scientists.
History of the Missile Defense Organization - Fact Sheet.
Menwith Hill Spy Base - all about another major US base used for military and commercial intelligence gathering.
CAAB - the Campaign for Accountability of American Bases.
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Other Pages on Militarisation of Space
Institute for Cooperation in Space
The US Strategic Command (Space Command) Home Page.
The Long Range Plan of the US Space Command (html version).
Vision 2020 of the US Space Command (pdf version).
Peterson Air Force Base Home Page.
National Reconnaissance Office Home Page. The NRO designs, builds and operates the nation's reconnaissance satellites. NRO products, provided
to an expanding list of customers like the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and the Department of Defense (DoD), can warn of potential trouble spots around the world, help plan military
operations, and monitor the environment.
The NRO report on space control and domination .
NSA - the National Security Agency Web site.
ESA - the European Space Agency home page.
NASA Home Page.
Outer Space Treaty - The Treaty and Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space,
including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies.
Space Policy Project of the Federation of American Scientists.
CAAB - the Campaign for Accountability of American Bases.
Menwith Hill Spy Base - about the US base in Yorkshire used for military and commercial intelligence gathering.
Fylingdales BMEWS - about the US ballistic missile early warning system in Yorkshire
Links to world-wide space resources - over 200 URLs, from UKSEDS (the UK Students for the Exploration and
Development of Space).
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Star Wars, NMD, BMD, TMD etc.
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The Nuclearisation of Space including the Cassini Mission
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Cassini and the Outer Space Treaty - a look at the recent past by Russell D. Hoffman.
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Principles Relevant to the Use of Nuclear Power Sources In Outer Space .
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Cassini Campaign website - the science and philosphy behind why Cassini should have been stopped, and
suggestions about how the dangerous Cassini 1999 Earth flyby can still be stopped...
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Stop the Cassini Fly-by - the Cassini space probe is due to flyby the Earth on August 18, 1999 carrying 72.3 lbs (32,8 kg) of
deadly plutonium on board and is expected to approach Earth at record speeds in excess of 42,000 mph (64,000 km). According to the NASA Environmental Impact Statement, in the event of a
collision with our atmosphere this mission has the potential to expose five billion people to 99% or more of the radiation from the plutonium.
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A Scientific Critique of the Accident Risks from the Cassini Space Mission by Michio Kaku.
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NASA's page on the Cassini Space Probe.
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Russian Mars Probe Failure 17/11/96 by Russell D. Hoffman. On Sunday, November 17th, 1996 a Russian space
probe headed for Mars instead fell back to Earth after its fourth-stage booster rocket failed on takoff a few days earlier. It contained about 7 ounces (200 grams) of Plutonium (or perhaps 9
ounces and 270 grams, depending on the report) and apparently 'landed' in an unknown place somewhere in the South Pacific Ocean. (Or on land.)
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On the Failure of Cosmos 954 - Star Wars & Reactors in Space: A Canadian View by Michael Bein, 1986.
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Risking the World, Nuclear Proliferation in Space by Karl Grossman, Cassini article in Covert Action Quarterly, issue no. 57,
Summer 1996.
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Space Probe Explodes, Plutonium Missing more on the crash of Mars '96, by Karl Grossman in Covert Action Qurterly, issue no.
60, Spring 1997.
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